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Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages) MCQs

Practice Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages) multiple-choice questions for Islamabad Police competitive exams. Each question includes the correct answer and a short explanation, and past-paper questions are marked so you can revise both repeated and fresh material in one place.

Archaeologist
Historian
Egyptologist
Palaeographer
ExplanationA historian is the general term for a person who studies or writes about the past. While archaeologists, palaeographers, and egyptologists study specific aspects or regions, 'Historian' is the overarching field of study for ancient history and civilizations.
vociferant
onanist
jabberer
buffoon
ExplanationA jabberer is a person who talks incessantly and nonsensically. Buffoon refers to a jester or clown.
Cartographer
Numismatist
Archivist
Philatelist
ExplanationAn archivist is a curator of records and historical documents. Philatelists study stamps, and numismatists study coins.
Prerequisite
Hypothesis
Anomaly
Indicia
ExplanationIndicia are pieces of evidence or signs serving as proof of something. A prerequisite is something required beforehand, and an anomaly is a deviation from the norm.
Transient
Sustainable
Permanent
Enduring
ExplanationEphemeral means lasting for a very short time; therefore, its synonym is transient.
Permanent
Enduring
Transitory
Vibrant
ExplanationEphemeral means lasting for a very short time. Transitory means not permanent; lasting only for a short time.
Oenologist
Enomaticist
Vintner
Sommelier
ExplanationA sommelier is a trained wine steward, specializing in the selection, pairing, and service of wines, making them experts in distinguishing varieties.
Egocentrism
Stoicism
Pragmatism
Cosmopolitanism
ExplanationCosmopolitanism refers to the idea of citizenship or identity based on the world rather than a specific nation, signifying universal brotherhood.
staid
meticulous
fickle
vigorous
ExplanationCapricious means subject to sudden and inexplicable changes of mood or behavior, making 'fickle' the correct synonym.
Disinclined to work
Having poor manners
Overly careful and attentive to detail
Quick to anger
ExplanationFastidious describes someone with demanding, often exaggerated, standards for cleanliness or perfection. B, C, and D are incorrect synonyms or related concepts.
Phantasmagoria
Spectroscopy
Parapsychology
Occultism
ExplanationParapsychology is the study of paranormal phenomena, including psychic abilities and purported supernatural occurrences.
Concurrence
Consensus
Majority
Agreement
ExplanationConsensus means a general agreement or commonly held opinion, which is more precise than just 'agreement' or 'concurrence'.
narrative
exposition
enumeration
epitome
ExplanationExposition refers to the act of explaining something in detail, making it the best synonym for a detailed account.
fugacious
permanent
substantial
lasting
ExplanationEphemeral means lasting for a very short time; fugacious also means quickly passing or fleeting.
artistry
perceptiveness
aesthetic
aesthetics
ExplanationThe ability or appreciation of beauty itself is termed 'aesthetics' (noun); 'aesthetic' is the adjective describing something that relates to beauty.
The scientist who researches climate change presented his findings.
Who researches climate change is the scientist who presented his findings.
The scientist, who researches climate change, presented his findings.
The scientist, who, researches climate change, presented his findings.
ExplanationThe relative clause 'who researches climate change' is essential information defining the scientist (a restrictive clause), thus no commas are needed.
Dilettante
Know-it-all
Pundit
Sophist
ExplanationSophist refers specifically to someone who uses clever arguments to deceive, often feigning knowledge for status, while 'Pundit' means expert.
should
will have to
would be able to
must
ExplanationWhen conveying advice or recommendation regarding a required action, 'should' is the most appropriate modal verb. 'Must' expresses absolute necessity, while 'would be able to' is grammatically incorrect in this structure.
A bibliophile
An entomologist
A gourmet
A philatelist
ExplanationBibliophile means 'book lover.' Philatelist collects stamps, while an entomologist is a study of insects.
Non-working person
Dandy
Occupational professional
Idler
ExplanationAn idler is someone who spends time doing nothing or little. This is the most suitable and formal one-word substitute meaning someone without occupation.
maintaining records, ensuring punctuality, and training new staff members.
maintaining records, ensuring punctuality, and training new staff members.
maintain records, ensuring punctuality, and also to train new staff members.
maintain records, ensure punctuality, and training new staff members.
ExplanationFor proper parallel structure, all items listed must maintain the same grammatical form. Since the original sentence established gerunds ('maintaining records', 'ensuring punctuality'), the correct list must use all gerunds.
Hyperbole
Personification
Metonymy
Apostrophe
ExplanationPersonification gives human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract ideas. Metonymy uses an associated object rather than the actual one.
update the digital logs immediately.
to update the digital logs immediately.
updating the digital logs immediately.
updated the digital logs immediately.
ExplanationFor proper parallel structure, all items in the list must have the same grammatical form. Since the previous items use the base form (patrol and report), 'update' is required.
Obfuscatory
Inscrutable
Intelligible
Ambiguous
ExplanationIntelligible means able to be understood. Ambiguous means having multiple meanings; Obfuscatory means intended to confuse, and Inscrutable means impossible to understand.
Having completed the mandatory training, the staff were informed that they could now operate the sensitive machinery.
Having completed the mandatory training, the staff was informed that they could now operate the sensitive machinery.
The staff was informed, having completed the mandatory training, that they could now operate the sensitive machinery.
The staff, having completed the mandatory training, was informed that it could now operate the sensitive machinery.
ExplanationThe initial participial phrase 'Having completed...' must be grammatically linked to the subject. Furthermore, 'staff' is a collective noun, making it singular ('was informed') and requiring the singular pronoun 'it' for machine operation in the corrected clause.
Erudite
Omniscient
Polymath
Savant
ExplanationSavant refers to a person with profound, specialized knowledge in a particular field. Polymath means knowing many subjects, and Omniscient means all-knowing, which is too broad.
should be given regular exercises and advanced modules.
should be given regular exercises as well as, advanced modules.
should be given regular exercises as well as advanced modules.
should be given regular exercises, and advanced modules.
ExplanationThe phrase 'as well as' connects two items that function as a unit and correctly mandates the use of 'and' to maintain parallelism and flow.
After reviewing the archaeological findings, the museum displayed the ancient artifacts with pride.
The ancient artifacts were displayed with pride after reviewing the archaeological findings by the museum.
After reviewing the archaeological findings, the museum proudly displayed the ancient artifacts.
The museum displayed the ancient artifacts with pride, after reviewing the archaeological findings.
ExplanationOption A is the most concise and grammatically superior choice. It improves flow by replacing the adjectival phrase 'with pride' with the adverb 'proudly,' while maintaining the correct subject-verb relationship (the museum reviewed and displayed).
to file the report, to interview the suspects, and to write a summary for the Director.
file the report, interviewing the suspects, and write a summary for the Director.
filing the report, interviewing the suspects, and writing a summary for the Director.
file the report, interview the suspects, and write a summary for the Director.
ExplanationThe list requires strict parallel structure. Since the instruction uses the infinitive form ('to file'), all subsequent actions must maintain the parallel infinitive form (to + base verb) for grammatical consistency.
Omniscient
Polyglot
Universalist
Polymath
ExplanationPolymath refers to a person knowing or skilled in many different branches of knowledge (e.g., Leonardo da Vinci). Polyglot means speaking many languages.
The committee was unable to reach a decision until necessary background data were to be compiled and reviewed.
The committee was unable to reach a decision until the necessary background data was compiled and reviewed.
The committee was unable to reach a decision until the necessary background data were compiled and reviewed.
The committee was unable to reach a decision until the necessary background data were compiling and reviewing.
ExplanationWhen 'data' is treated as a singular mass noun (which is often required in formal/official writing), it takes the singular verb 'was' and maintains parallel structure 'was compiled and reviewed'.
Hypochondriac
Complainer
Malingerer
Hypocrite
ExplanationMalingerer specifically refers to someone feigning illness or giving false accounts to evade duty.
affecting
affect
affected
effected
ExplanationThe context requires a present participle to modify 'policy changes' (meaning 'influencing'), making 'affecting' the correct choice.
Misapprehension
Misgiving
Prejudice
Conundrum
ExplanationMisapprehension means a misunderstanding or wrong idea. Misgivings are feelings of doubt, while Conundrum means a confusing problem.
critic
calligrapher
biographer
autographer
ExplanationA biographer is a person who writes about the life of another person, which fits the context of writing extensive works; 'autographer' is someone who signs things.
Although he was exhausted from the long journey
demonstrating a professionalism that few people possess
No correction is needed
he continued to work diligently
ExplanationThe sentence is grammatically sound. The participial phrase 'demonstrating...' correctly modifies the subject's action, and the relative clause structure used is standard English usage.
has been
was
is
are
ExplanationWhen subjects are connected by 'neither... nor,' the verb agrees with the subject closest to it. Since 'chairpersons' is plural, the verb must be plural ('are').
Ambivalent
Obscure
Vague
Ambiguous
ExplanationEquivocal means open to more than one interpretation, making 'Ambiguous' the closest and most accurate synonym.
The students, who are preparing for the FPSC examination, needing to focus more on quantitative reasoning and grammar.
Students, who are preparing for the FPSC examination, needs to focus more on quantitative reasoning and grammar.
The students, who are preparing for the FPSC examination, need to focus more on quantitative reasoning and grammar.
The students, who are preparing for the FPSC examination, needs to focus more on quantitative reasoning and grammar.
ExplanationThe main subject is the plural noun 'students.' The relative clause, while descriptive, does not change the number of the main subject. Therefore, the main verb must be 'need,' maintaining subject-verb agreement.
Eloquent
Laconic
Meticulous
Garrulous
ExplanationGarrulous means excessively talkative. Eloquent means fluent and persuasive, while Laconic means using very few words.
approves
approved
would approve
will approve
ExplanationThe clause 'If the Director General were present' establishes a hypothetical condition (Second Conditional), requiring 'would + base verb' in the main clause.
Having completed their rigorous training, the officers and their commanding officer were given assignments that required them to operate independently.
Having completed their rigorous training, the officers, along with their commanding officer, were given assignments which required them to operate independently.
Having completed their rigorous training, the officers, along with their commanding officer, were given assignments that required them to operate independently.
Having completed their rigorous training, the officers, with their commanding officer, were given assignments that required them to operate independently.
ExplanationThe introductory participial phrase ('Having completed their rigorous training') modifies the combined subject. To maintain parallelism and proper modification, 'along with' or 'with' must be replaced by 'and'.
The vast number of employees, who was hired last year, was receiving complimentary bonuses this quarter.
The vast number of employees, which were hired last year, are receiving complimentary bonuses this quarter.
The vast number of employees, who was hired last year, are receiving complimentary bonuses this quarter.
A large number of employees, who was hired last year, are receiving complimentary bonuses this quarter.
ExplanationThe subject of the clause is 'employees,' making the subject plural. Therefore, 'a large number of' is the correct phrasing (vs. 'the vast number of'), requiring the plural relative pronoun 'who' and the plural verb 'are.' Option D is the only choice that correctly maintains subject-verb agreement and plurality.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are these Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages) MCQs free?

Yes. Every Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages) MCQ on this page is free to practice, including the correct answer and explanation.

Do these include past-paper questions?

Yes — questions sourced from past papers are clearly marked with a "Past Paper" badge, alongside fresh practice questions.

Which exams do these Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages) MCQs help with?

They are aimed at Islamabad Police and related Pakistani competitive exams that test Mathematics — Arithmetic (Percentages, Ratios & Averages).

How should I practice subject-wise MCQs?

Attempt each question first, then reveal the answer and read the explanation. Short, focused sessions on one subject work better than long unstructured reading.

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